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Memoize

An optimization used to speed up consecutive function calls by caching the result of calls with identical input.

Here is an example of a memoizer function, taken from the book JavaScript The Good Parts by Douglas Crockford, that caches the results from a fibonacci number generator function:

var memoizer = function (memo, formula) {
  var recur = function (n) {
    var result = memo[n];
      if (typeof result !== 'number') {
        result = formula(recur, n);
        memo[n] = result;
      }
      return result;
  };
  return recur;
};

var fibonacci = memoizer([0, 1], function (recur, n) {
  return recur(n − 1) + recur(n − 2);
});

References

Faster JavaScript Memoization For Improved Application Performance, by Addy Osmani.
Implementing Memoization in JavaScript
Wikipedia article on Memoization.

NPM Memoize Modules

mem
Memoizee